Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to an increased risk of fragility fractures. It can affect people of all ethnic backgrounds. Achievement of normal peak bone mass is the key strategy for preventing osteoporosis. In this light, proper nutrition, appropriate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular menstrual cycles and a well-balanced exercise program are all essential elements in achieving peak bone mass.