Bush Beats Ace Vol-10, No-3, 2025

Acute Abdominal Pain (AAP) is a frequent complaint in the emergency setting, often benign but occasionally linked to life-threatening conditions requiring urgent intervention. Etiologies are diverse, including infections, inflammation, vascular occlusion, bowel obstruction, or rupture of a viscous. Patients commonly present with sudden pain, sometimes accompanied by fever, nausea, vomiting, or distension.

Incidence varies by age and sex. In children, the most frequent nonsurgical diagnoses include respiratory infections (23.7%), pain of uncertain etiology (15.4%), gastroenteritis (15.4%), constipation (9.4%), and urinary tract infection (8%). Surgical causes occur in up to 20% of cases; in infants, incarcerated inguinal hernia (45.1%) and intussusception (41.9%) predominate.

According to WHO, obesity is excessive fat accumulation that harms health and is recognized as a chronic metabolic disease resulting from genetic, physiological, and environmental factors. A Body Mass Index (BMI) above 25 is classified as overweight, while a BMI above 30 indicates obesity. The issue is a global health concern impacting quality of life across populations, with at least 2.8 million deaths annually attributed to overweight and obesity.