Ovulation Disorders: An Introduction Ovulation disorders account for about one-third (30%) of infertility cases, and often present with amenorrhoea (an absence of periods) or oligomenorrhoea (irregular periods).1Hamilton-Fairley D, Taylor A. Anovulation. BMJ 2003;327(7414):546-549. 2Katsikis I, Kita M, Karkanaki A, et al. Anovulation and ovulation induction. Hippokratia. 2006;10(3):120-127. As follows, induction of ovulation using medical or surgical methods appears an enticing option in infertility attributable to ovulation disorders; though it is also prudent to consider the fact that not all causes of anovulation might be amenable to treatment by ovulation induction. It is in fact the underlying cause of anovulation that will determine whether ovulation induction is possible in any particular case of subfertility; making patient selection an important deciding factor for optimal and desired outcomes through subsequent clinical approach to ovulation induction.1Hamilton-Fairley D, Taylor A. Anovulation. BMJ 2003;327(7414):546-549. 2Katsikis I, Kita M, Karkanaki A, et al. Anovulation and ovulation induction. Hippokratia. 2006;10(3):120-127. 3Fauser…
Introduction to ART Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are defined as an act of handling or manipulating the oocyte in vitro prior to replacement, either as an oocyte or an embryo.1Cheung LP. Patient selection for assisted reproductive technology treatments. Hong Kong Med J. 2000 Jun;6(2):177-83. Additionally, the 1992 Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act described ART as the procedure that engage the handling of both sperms and eggs. Due to the rapid advancements in the area of ART, infertile couples may seek direct referral for this technique, despite trying simpler measures including ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination. The prevalence of infertility in couples living in developed country is reported to be 15%. However, since past decades there has been no major change in the prevalence of infertility, but there has been an increase in demand for treatment, due to the availability of ART treatments. The common ART treatments comprise IVF,…
