Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating condition of unknown etiology. It is characterized by persistent pelvic pain with lower urinary tract symptoms and comprises a wide variety of potentially clinically useful phenotypes with different possible etiologies. Clinical manifestations of IC/BPS overlap with variety of entities/ diseases, such as overactive bladder, recurrent UTI, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, chronic urethral syndrome, vulvodynia, prostatitis in men, and endometriosis in women. Symptoms of IC/BPS patients often coexist with insomnia, depression, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction, thus resulting in impaired quality of life and withdrawal from social activities.