Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical condition marked by a progressive irreversible loss of kidney function, which can gradually advance to end stage renal disease (ESRD). Although CKD is more common in adults, its true burden in children, especially in developing nations is poorly acknowledged. Research in this context has revealed that children with CKD pose unique challenges to the healthcare system, likely due to the primary renal disorder per se as well as the associated extra-renal symptoms. Moreover, since the majority of children with CKD in its early stages remain undiagnosed and a large number of others die without receiving adequate medical assistance, the true impact of the disease on children in developing nations remains uncertain.