Human gut is home to trillions of symbiotic microbes. This complex and dynamic microbiome population exists in a delicate balance that is essential for maintenance of good health and homeostasis. Over the last few years, a large body of research has focused on composition of this microbial flora, its alteration and correlation with poor health. It is now emerging, with substantial proof, that disturbance of this gut microbiome is instrumental in the development of several diseases, including metabolic disorders, chronic diseases, and even cancers. Possibility of a relationship between gut dysbiosis with human cancers is now being described in increasing number of reports. In fact, it is suggested that microbial pathogens may contribute to over 15–20% of all cancers.